UM Student Research on Waste in Ngabab Village, Pujon District, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia in 2019

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ANALYSIS

Ngabab Village is one of the villages in Pujon District. This village has potentials that support the economy of the villagers. Such as extensive agricultural land and many types of plants that can be produced, as well as plantations with fruit types and dairy producing cattle. From these geographical potentials, the majority of Ngabab villagers can make it their main income. The waste problem also arises from various types of potential that exist in this Ngabab Village. It has been ascertained from cattle farming, agriculture, and plantations that will produce organic waste. In addition to the waste generated through livestock, agriculture and plantation waste, the community in Ngabab Village also supports the problem of waste. Household waste is also a big consideration. From this problem, we plan to overcome and find the best solution by using surveys and social identification and analysis for the sake of clean survival without waste in Ngabab Village. The following are the results of the survey as well as the identification and analysis we conducted.

1. Village Profile

No.	information	amount
1.	Hamlet	4
2.	Citizens Association	7
3.	Neighborhood Association	67
4.	Family Card	2.486
5.	Animal Husbandry / Households that have cows come from Krajan Hamlet, Torong Hamlet, Mantung Hamlet, and Lebaksari Hamlet	800
6.	Animal Husbandry / Households that have cows come from Torong Hamlet	287

Ngabab village has 4 hamlets including Torong Hamlet, Krajan Hamlet, Mantung Hamlet, and Lebaksari Hamlet. And Ngabab village has 7 Citizens Association and 67 Neighborhood Association. And as many as 2,486 families (family cards) who live in the village of Ngabab. And there are 1,087 farmers in Ngabab Village in total. The rest are households with farmer and plantation backgrounds. 43.72% are breeders in Ngabab Village. 11.54% are breeders from the Torong Hamlet. While 32.18% are farmers from 3 other hamlets. The rest are households with agricultural and plantation backgrounds. Meanwhile, Torong Hamlet has almost 90% of residents as farmers.

Each Neighborhood Association has 33 houses. And from each Neighborhood has approximately 2-4 dairy farmers. And the rest is 29-33 houses are households with a background of farmers and plantations.

It can be concluded that from each Neighborhood Assosiation only 2-4 houses have cow manure as well as organic livestock waste. And the rest are 29-33 houses with household waste problems with the type of organic and non-organic waste. And most livestock waste producers are Krajan Hamlet, Mantung Hamlet, and Lebaksari Hamlet.

2. Survey Method

We conducted a survey using interviews. In order to find out how Ngabab villagers dispose of their garbage and whether they care about it and its effects. The way we do it is by visiting homes and holding small interviews about rubbish in the outline. The following are the questions we give to local residents:

1) What kind of waste is produced?

2) If there is cattle waste, how many cows are there?

3) Then, where is the garbage disposed of?

4) What is the disposal solution?

5) If household waste, is there a separation of organic and non-organic waste?

6) Then, where are organic and non-organic waste disposed of?

7) What is a development solution?

8) If it is plantation and agricultural waste, what is the garbage disposal solution?

3. The following is a table of survey results from 8 samples that we took from each Citizens Association:

No.	Name	NA/CA	Type of Garbage			Information	Garbage Weight/Days	Disposal Solutions
			Livestock	Garden	Household
1	Muchtar	21/04	√	√		Cow Food with 2 cows and Carrots	45 Kg	Integrated Waste Processing Facility
			√			Cow dung with a total of 2 cows	15 Kg	Bio Gas
2	Dulfattah	21/04			√	Organic	3 Kg	Empty land
						Non-Organic		Burned Down
			√			Cow food is 7 cows	5 Kg	Chopped Using a Machine
3	Rumaikah	21/04			√	Organic and Non-Organic	1.5 Kg	Throw It In The River
4	Komariah	21/04			√	Organic	2 Kg	Remove In The Gutter
						Non-Organic		Burned Down
5	Winarsih	21/04			√	Organic	1/2 Kg	Remove In The River
						Non-Organic		Burned Down
6	No Name	21/04	√			Organic there are 2 cows	1 Kg	Integrated Waste Processing Facility
7		21/04	√			Organic Cows, there are 1 cow	1 Kg	Buried in the ground
					√	Organic	4 Kg
						Non-Organic		Burned Down
8		21/04			√	Organic	1/2 Kg	Integrated Waste Processing Facility
						Non-Organic		Burned Down

With a survey and taking several samples from each Neighborhood Association, the following household and livestock waste problems are found:

The problem faced is the lack of understanding of the residents about sorting organic and non-organic waste. This can be a problem because, if delivered to the Integrated Waste Processing Facility, it will burden the work of the employees.

The results of a survey with several samples said that most of the residents throw garbage into an empty land, throw trash in the gutter, and throw garbage into the river. Where we know it will have a negative impact on the citizens themselves.

Some residents claim that non-organic waste is not disposed of in Integrated Waste Processing Facility but rather they burn non-organic waste such as plastic and others.

Some residents also claimed that they easily buried organic waste in the ground.

Ngabab villagers also have problems regarding Integrated Waste Processing Facility payments. They choose not to pay because they have their own way of disposing of trash.

For livestock waste, actually, it has its own solution, namely the presence of Bio Gas. Bio Gas itself has been carried out by almost 80% of farmers in the Ngabab Village. While 20% still do not use it.

Another solution to livestock waste is to chop cow food using a machine so that cow manure and food waste are not too much and becomes garbage. However, this is still done by some farmers only. Socialization has been carried out from various parties from outside the village, however, it still does not run and is realized by livestock residents in Ngabab Village.

4. Integrated Waste Management Survey

Information about Integrated Waste Processing Facility can be obtained as follows:

The capacity of Integrated Waste Processing FacilityOrganic and Non-Organic waste is around 50 tons.

There are 11 employees, but only 6-7 active employees.

TPST employees earn as much as IDR 45,000 / day. And the income is obtained through the payment of some residents, not all residents. Paid every month: 1) if you have a cow or livestock waste in the amount of IDR 6,000, and 2) if you do not have cattle or household waste in the amount of IDR 3,000.

The waste that arrives at the Integrated Waste Processing Facility in the form of organic waste is put in 40 kg sacks to be sold to farmers at a price of IDR 17,000.

The waste that arrives at the Integrated Waste Processing Facility in the form of non-organic waste from the residue is transported to the Singosari area at a cost of IDR 300,000 and to the Overlapping area in the amount of IDR 350,000. use trucks with a capacity of 3-4 tons of trucks every week. And some can be sold to collectors at various prices.

Every 2 days the transportation of garbage to residents' homes is done using tosa.

And regarding the decomposition of organic waste at the Integrated Waste Processing Facility into fertilizer lasts for 30 days or a month.

5. Identification and Analysis of Waste Problems

With the above survey and with their respective problems, waste in Ngabab Village can be designed and estimated as follows:

Table of the amount of waste according to the survey sample and calculated through the estimation of each Neighborhood Association, before the presence of biogas:

No.	Information	Types of Garbage Producing Houses	Number of Houses	Garbage Weight (Kg)	Time Spans
1.	Samples Per Neighborhood Association	Household (Organic and Non-Organic	5	11,5	Per day
		Livestock (Organic and Cow Manure)	3	42	Per day
2.	Per Neighborhood Association	Household (Organic and Non-Organic	30	43,125	Per day
		Livestock (Organic and Cow Manure)	3	42	Per day

Information on waste per Neighborhood Association, as follows:

Many samples are 8 houses, many households are 30 houses, and many livestock houses are 3 houses.

The total weight of organic and non-organic waste from 8 samples, 5 houses is 11.5 kg. The amount of household waste weight 1 Neighborhood Association or 30 households is (11.5 x 3.75 = 43.125 kg). Total weight of livestock waste from 8 samples with 14 cows, 3 houses is 42 kg. Total weight of livestock waste 1 Neighborhood Association or 3 livestock houses is = 42 Kg. Total weight of waste = (42 kg + 43,125 kg = 85.12 kg kg)

Conclusion: the overall weight of waste per Neighborhood Association is 85,125 kg per day.

Table of the amount of waste before the biogas:

No.	Information	Garbage Weight (Kg)	Time Spans
1.	Neighborhood Association	85,125	Per day
2.	Village	5.703	Per day
3.	Village	171.101	Per month
4.	Village	2.053.215	Per year

Ngabab village waste information and counted, as follows:

85,125 kg x 67 = 5,703,375 kg or 5,703 tons of waste per day. The waste produced by Ngabab Village for one day weighs 5,703 tons. 5,703 Tons x 30 Days = 171,101 Tons of Trash per month. 171,101 x 12 months = 2,053, 215 tons of waste per year.

Conclusion: Ngabab village annually produces 2,053,215 tons of waste.

Table of the amount of waste after biogas:

No.	Information	Garbage Weight   (Kg)	Time Spans
1.	Neighborhood Association	70	Per day
2.	Village	4.690	Per day
3.	Village	140.950	Per month
4.	Village	1.691.415	Per year

Information on the amount of waste used as Bio Gas, as follows:

The amount of organic cow dung per Neighborhood Association processed into Bio Gas is 15 kg per day. The amount of organic waste from Ngabab village cow dung is processed into Bio Gas (15 x 67 = 1,005 kg). The amount of cow dung waste in Ngabab Village which is processed into Bio Gas is 1,005 tons per day. The amount of waste is processed into Bio Gas in Ngabab Village (1,005 x 30 days = 30,150 tons per month). 30,150 x 12 = 361,800 Tons per year.

Conclusion:

The amount of waste produced by Ngabab Village after Bio Gas is:

2,053,215 - 361,800 = 1,691,415 Tons per year. 1,691,415: 12 = 140.95 Tons per month. 140.95: 30 = 4.69 Tons per day. 4,690: 67 = 70 kg of Neighborhood Association per day.

6. Survey Conclusions and Problem Identification and Analysis

Organic trash

a. After the analysis and survey of waste in Ngabab Village, data has been obtained that, Ngabab Village produces Organic and Non-Organic waste weighing 4.69 tons a day. And if examined further, the data obtained that the Ngabab Village produces Organic and Non-Organic waste weighing 140.95 tons per month and 1,691,415 tons per year.

b. With that amount of garbage, if all the waste is transferred to Integrated Waste Processing Facility, the capacity of the Integrated Waste Processing Facility will not cover because the capacity of the Integrated Waste Processing Facility is only around 50 tons. Meanwhile, the survey said that every 2 days employees transport trash to Integrated Waste Processing Facility and the daily garbage is 4.69 tons. And if it is accumulated, the waste every 2 days is transported by employees weighing 9.38 tons once transported.

c. 9.38 Tons of 2-day garbage are combined with organic and non-organic waste. Integrated Waste Processing Facility employees also have the duty to sort organic and non-organic waste at Integrated Waste Processing Facility. In addition, organic waste can be used as fertilizer in the Integrated Waste Processing Facility by sedimentation for 30 days. If it is estimated, organic waste is around 70% and 30% non-organic out of 4.69, the weight of organic waste reaching the Integrated Waste Processing Facility weighs 3.28 tons a day and non-organic waste weighing 1,407 tons a day.

d. The solution taken by the Integrated Waste Processing Facility to reduce the level of excess capacity within the Integrated Waste Processing Facility itself is to decompose organic waste in the Integrated Waste Processing Facility by sedimentation that will turn into fertilizer. However, the deposition itself takes 30 days to complete. Whereas the transportation of garbage to homes is once every 2 days, so the weight of garbage collected for 2 days weighs 6.56 tons.

e. If 6.56 tons are deposited and turned into fertilizer, they have to wait for 30 days, whereas the waste that will accumulate for 30 days weighs 91.84 tons and the Integrated Waste Processing Facility capacity can only hold about 50 tons of garbage. This will cause excess waste of around 41.84 tons per month.

Table of estimates of organic waste that will be excessive in Table of estimated organic waste that will be excess in Integrated Waste Processing Facility Ngabab Village:

No.	The waste weight that will be excessive in Integrated Waste Processing Facility (Ton)	Timespan
1.	1,394	Per day
2.	9,758	Per week
3.	41,84	Per month
4.	502,08	Per year

Non-Organic Trash

Whereas for non-organic daily Ngabab Village produces 1.407 tons of waste per day. However, what the Integrated Waste Processing Facility has done after collecting non-organic waste in Integrated Waste Processing Facility is the presence of outsiders who want to transport non-organic waste to the Tumpang and Singosari areas. At a cost of about IDR 300,000 - IDR 350,000 for one-way transport. Usually, they will transport non-organic waste in Integrated Waste Processing Facilityonce a week with a capacity of around 3-4 tons.

If it is accumulated, the data is obtained that, with the amount of non-organic waste a day weighing 1.407 tons and multiplied by 7 days, the result is as much as 9,849 tons per week. Meanwhile, if the transportation of garbage every week can only accommodate about 3-4 tons, the rest is weighing 5,849 tons. 5,849 Tons of this is the remainder of the garbage that is not transported at the Integrated Waste Processing Facility every week.

If every week leaving non-organic waste weighing 5,849 tons, if it is accumulated every month it will leave waste weighing 23,396 tons. And if it is calculated for each year, it will leave 280,752 tons of waste in the Integrated Waste Processing Facility.

No.	The waste weight that will be excessive in Integrated Waste Processing Facility (Ton)	Time Span
1.	5,849	Per week
2.	23,396	Per month
3.	280,752	Per year

Institution: Malang State University

Location of Activity: Kab. Ngabab, Kec. Pujon, Kota Malang, East Java, Malang, Indonesia.

Time: August 2019

Research Time: 45 Days

Member Names: Fitrah, Dhea, Thathit, M. Faris, Chindi, Rosi, Nico, Febri, Nia, Lili, Iqbal, Iza, Mayang, Nur, Riska, Sekar, Galih, and Vinda

Thanks for your attention, might this post useful for you.

Regards,

Thathit Dhada Dhewangga